Microsoft’s March 2025 Patch Tuesday Addresses 56 CVEs (CVE-2025-26633, CVE-2025-24983, CVE-2025-24993)

CVE-2025-26633 is a security feature bypass vulnerability in the Microsoft Management Console (MMC). It was assigned a CVSSv3 score of 7.0 and is rated important. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a potential target with either standard user or admin privileges to open a malicious file.

According to Microsoft, CVE-2025-26633 was exploited in the wild as a zero-day. This is the second zero-day in the MMC to be exploited in the wild since CVE-2024-43572, a RCE vulnerability patched in October 2024.

CVE-2025-24985 is a RCE vulnerability in the Windows Fast FAT File System Driver. It was assigned a CVSSv3 score of 7.8 and is rated as important. A local attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a potential target to mount a specially crafted virtual hard disk (VHD). Successful exploitation would grant an attacker arbitrary code execution.

According to Microsoft, CVE-2025-24985 was exploited in the wild as a zero-day. This is the first vulnerability in Windows Fast FAT File System to be reported since 2022 and the first to be exploited in the wild.

CVE-2025-24044 and CVE-2025-24983 are EoP vulnerabilities in the Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem. CVE-2025-24044 and CVE-2025-24983 were assigned CVSSv3 scores of 7.8 and 7.0 respectively, while both vulnerabilities are rated as important. A local, authenticated attacker would need to win a race condition in order to exploit CVE-2025-24983. Successful exploitation of either vulnerability would allow the attacker to gain SYSTEM privileges.

According to Microsoft, CVE-2025-24983 was exploited in the wild as a zero-day. While CVE-2025-24044 was not exploited, Microsoft assessed it as “Exploitation More Likely” according to Microsoft’s Exploitability Index. Prior to this month, Microsoft patched seven vulnerabilities in the Win32 Kernel Subsystem (one in 2022, five in 2024, one earlier in 2025), though CVE-2025-24983 is the first to be exploited in the wild.

CVE-2025-24993 is a RCE vulnerability in Windows New Technology File System (NTFS). It was assigned a CVSSv3 score of 7.8 and is rated as important. According to Microsoft, a heap-based buffer overflow can be exploited in order to execute arbitrary code on an affected system. In order to exploit this vulnerability, an attacker must entice a local user to mount a crafted VHD. According to Microsoft, this flaw was reportedly exploited in the wild as a zero-day.

CVE-2025-24984, CVE-2025-24991 and CVE-2025-24992 are information disclosure vulnerabilities in Windows NTFS. Both CVE-2025-24991 and CVE-2025-24992 were assigned CVSSv3 scores of 5.5, while CVE-2025-24984 was assigned a score of 4.6. All three of these vulnerabilities were rated as important and can be exploited in physical attacks such as an attacker utilizing a malicious USB drive or by enticing a local user to mount a crafted VHD.

While two information disclosure vulnerabilities in Windows NTFS have previously been patched in 2022 (CVE-2022-26933) and 2023 (CVE-2023-36398), CVE-2025-24984 and CVE-2025-24991 are the first to have been exploited in the wild as zero-days.

CVE-2025-26630 is a RCE vulnerability in Microsoft Access. It was assigned a CVSSv3 score of 7.8 and is rated as important. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using social engineering to convince a potential target to download and run a malicious file on their system. Successful exploitation would grant an attacker arbitrary code execution.

According to Microsoft, CVE-2025-26630 is considered a zero-day vulnerability as it was publicly disclosed prior to a patch being available. This is the sixth vulnerability in Microsoft Access disclosed since 2023. However, this is the fourth zero-day to be publicly disclosed and attributed to Unpatched.ai. Three were disclosed in Microsoft’s January 2025 Patch Tuesday release (CVE-2025-21186, CVE-2025-21366, CVE-2025-21395)

CVE-2025-24035 and CVE-2025-24045 are RCE vulnerabilities in Windows Remote Desktop Services. Each was assigned a CVSSv3 score of 8.1 and rated as critical. To exploit these flaws, an attacker must be able to win a race condition. Despite this requirement, Microsoft assessed both flaws as “Exploitation More Likely.”